Detailed Marketing Research Sample

Advertising research Apple accepts on social event the serious edge over the contenders through advancement and the development originates from understanding the necessities and prerequisites of the buyers. Apple convictions that buyers are not liable for finding their necessities as the organization itself is answerable for finding the requirements and request of the purchasers. iPhone is a standout amongst other advancement done by Apple and to increase serious edge over the contenders particularly, over Samsung, Apple does tremendous kind of statistical surveying related exercises. Apple does the statistical surveying not just for understanding the requirements of the customers all through the world however it does the statistical surveying in light of the fact that the pioneer of development needs to produce and consolidate the necessities in the brain of the buyers (YouTube, 2014). Apple accepts the idea of statistical surveying so that, they can comprehend the adoptability of the customers and the decisions of the shoppers. In the product offering of Apple a large portion of the items are found as the advancement and the presentation of imaginative items give the organization a notoriety, serious edge and brand name on the planet advertise. When the item gets developed or the items go in the development stage in the market the contenders of the organization present the comparable sorts of items and meanwhile the organization picks up the upper hand over the contenders. The essential and the optional research are utilized to gather information and for proceeding with the whole statistical surveying process cautiously. The essential research process is that examination procedure wherein the information are gathered on the direct premise and for the most part, the organization leads the essential research by taking the bits of knowledge of the clients as it were. Apple directs the essential research to accumulate the data of the clients about the item data. For iPhone, Apple for the most part does the essential research to include some data in their sites and to assemble the inputs from the clients so as to upgrade the productivity of their items and administrations. The auxiliary research then again assists with social event the data about the contenders of the organization. From, the papers, business magazines and business diaries the auxiliary research is being led. The showcasing research is utilized by Apple I telephone to comprehend the situatin g system of the contender, the experiences of the shoppers with respect to the items and administrations of the association and it is additionally used to comprehend the necessities and prerequisite of the buyers to a huge degree. Promoting research process The promoting research process involves a few phases and those information assortment, information handling, information examining, assessment of the data lastly the introducing the information. The organization iPhone conducts the exploration by concentrating on information assortment particularly through the center gathering meeting for the essential study technique. In the auxiliary research process the organization used to assemble the data through business diaries and magazines. Apple iPhone to comprehend whether the clients are content with this iPhone or not or to discover the situation of the organization in the brain of the purchasers, accumulate the information. The crude information is then handled by arranging and organizing before it is examined. To change over the information into data the information are investigated by the scientists. The investigators are mindful to assess the data through the information examination process. From the statistical surveying process iPhone comes to think about th4e inclinations of the purchasers in the particular topographical territory. For instance, from the statistical surveying study it is comprehended that why the Chinese shoppers interest for iPhone more than the cell phones. Besides, to assess the explanations behind buying the results of the organization are comprehended by the statistical surveying process. The statistical surveying process responds to the inquiries with respect to why the Iphone is as yet well known than the cell phones among numerous clients however the cell phones different alluring highlights. The statistical surveying questions have answered the organization that in China individuals are increasingly careful and eager about the few highlights of iPhone which are known as the extraordinary driver for the organization. By leading the review it is comprehended the degree of deals possibility in China and how the circulation channels can be shaped (YouTube, 2014). A case has been refered to here where the statistical surveying has been utilized to comprehend the inclinations of the buyers. Apple accepts that it is the pioneer of advancement yet it is significant for the organization to comprehend what the clients accept. The examination overviews have likewise addressed iPhone with respect to why individuals pick iPhone however there is a nearness of Andriod gadget. The reviews in very nearly 7 nations have answered that Trust Apple Brand is the most significant factor why individuals have bought the iPhone and not the Smartphone gadgets. The examination study says that highlights and plans are the two primary variables which go about as a factor of separation for the organization. The organization can utilize the realities and data picked up from the study and afterward can define the methodologies so as to continue in the long haul. Fate of promoting research The fate of promoting examination will rely upon the innovative improvement of the advertising research techniques. The future showcasing examination would rely upon the achievement of information assortment strategy. The principle statistical surveying apparatus which is utilized by Apple iPhone is the center gathering data yet the reliance on the center gathering meeting isn't stale in nature and the organization needs to change the method of research over the long haul. The future advertising research process needs to concentrate on more information than any other time in recent memory. The future advertising methodology needs however much as could reasonably be expected information and data so that; the advertisers would not have to rely upon the judgemental choices. The future advertisers would require the information for settling on the future choices and for that full enthusiasm is required. In the serious business condition each contender need to gather information and based on the gathered information the advertisers build up the business choices. The most probable apparatus which is utilized for social event and gathering the information is study technique. However, the study strategy is considered as the most tiring technique for the shoppers. Individuals are exhausted off in giving data through the telephonic data and through the overview strategy. The future advertisers should concentrate on some progressively logical strategies which are dependable in nature (YouTube, 2014). Since, taking choices without concentrating on the information will be demonstrated as an exorbitant wonder. The business choices can't be made based on the judgment of the chiefs and the experience of the supervisors. As Apple guarantees that they are the need generator rather the need identifier and that is the explanation the statistical surveying isn't led by them to comprehend the predominant need in the current market. In any case, later on situation before developing th e items and administrations it will be significant for the organization Apple iPhone to comprehend the overall interest in the market. Request estimation would be an extraordinary system for the market in this regard. In the new market situation the organization Apple iPhone should accentuation on certain procedures to assemble the information from the market which will give progressively viable and colossal measure of information to the organization. For instance, the eye following, brand value look into, idea testing and advertisement following and so forth to comprehend the present situation of the organization. The techniques for review and testing The study technique is led to know the bits of knowledge of the chose test size. The populace is considered as the entire or the universe where the example is considered as a piece of populace. The example size for the most part doesn't bar the size of 1/10 of the whole populace. The example review is being done so that, the time period and the assets can be coordinated with the accessibility. The more the size of the example the less will be the degree of mistakes in the whole examining process. The inspecting can be arranged into two distinct parts and those likelihood testing and non-likelihood examining. The likelihood testing is considered as the inspecting technique where the incorporation of every single part is comparable in nature. In the non-probabilistic testing technique the judgemental strategy is locked in and the conceivable outcomes of the incorporation of the example individuals are not same in the consideration procedure. The testing method involves a few procedures including straightforward arbitrary examining, efficient inspecting, multi-stage inspecting, delineated examining and bunch testing. The basic arbitrary inspecting alludes to that testing procedure which gets an opportunity of equivalent determination. Utilizing the lottery strategies and irregular example age the straightforward arbitrary examining procedure can be utilized. The straightforward arbitrary examining isn't utilized where the rejection criterias are high and the example size has been chosen as huge in nature. Apple iPhone does the arbitrary inspecting to direct the client study. For understanding the explanations behind the item buy the organization Apple iPhone utilizes the arbitrary testing procedure. The orderly testing method which is considered as one of the non-probabilistic examining and the inspecting is done in a precise way which is conceivable when the example sizes are known and little for the organization. The or ganization Apple iPhone utilizes the defined testing which is otherwise called a non-probabilistic examining. While leading the review to comprehend the buy conduct of the buyers of seven unique nations the defined examining strategy was utilized (YouTube, 2014). The examples from various nations are being chosen based on defined inspecting. The separated testing strategy is utilized in light of the fact that a particular arrangement of information is required. Survey and application in IPhone Company Qu

The Kindergarten Idea In Architecture Construction Essay

The Kindergarten Idea In Architecture Construction Essay The kindergarten thought is considered to have started as right on time as the seventeenth century. The causes of the kindergarten thought characterize certain mentalities to pre-school training that are as yet far reaching right up 'til today. The early kindergarten thought, which related ecological needs to educational necessities, achieved various significant engineering motivations, both in futuristic and natural structures. John Heinrick Pestalozzi established the primary kid focused foundation at Yverdin 1805, in view of what became fundamental kindergarten standards from which a few teaching methods stemmed. Fredrick Froebel Donor Robert Owen set up a youngster care foundation in New Lanark, Scotland. At the time kids more than six worked with their folks, consequently the establishment just cooked for kids under six. Staffed by medical caretakers it gave a wonderful environment, despite the fact that its academic way of thinking was unsophisticated. All through the twentieth century one-off private kindergartens were built up in Germany, Britain, Japan and North America. These depended principally on the Fredrick Froebel reasoning. This way of thinking started from German methods of reasoning in the nineteenth century. In Froebels hostilic theory, kindergartens are complimentary to home life, as connect to supplanting it. The Froebel development spreads to Britain in 1871 when the primary kindergarten was worked by Sir William Mather. This was trailed by the foundation of a free kindergarten for youngsters matured somewhere in the range of 3 and 6. A considerable lot of these early Froebelian put together kindergartens were based with respect to the standards of kindergartens as an instructive organization, coming up short on any engineering structure or reason. A key issue while choosing and assessing instructive ways of thinking is the manner by which every framework presents data in the advancement of kids. In Froebels framework youngsters learn through play as connect to the learn, tune in, discuss strategy normally utilized. Educational drawing is a significant factor. Drawing was seen by Froebel as a type of composing. The blessings and occupations His investigation of the common sciences gave him a comprehension of the association of geometric structures to the regular habitat, for example, plant structures and gems. His work in crystallographic science is said to have convinced this region of his showing method, while his preparation as a modeler affected the accentuation of exact and perpetual connections between various things as the focal idea of learning. The kid plays with at least one geometric endowments to find its properties and the opportunities for plan. When a stop is arrived at the educator conjures at least one of the classes to force another course of play. Along these lines the youngster finds the structures that are conceivable with the chosen shapes. The occupations grew increasingly perplexing and complex abilities, for example, framing shapes from embellishment dirt, and utilizing sticks and rings spread out as letters as the initial move towards composing. Rachael and Margaret MacMillian Some less academic methodologies sneaked in towards the finish of the nineteenth century, as research started into kid practices by scholars, for example, Granville Stanley Hall and John Dewey. As this was in progress in the USA, closer to home Rachael and Margaret MacMillian started making an instructive way of thinking of their own. In 1913, in London they established an outside nursery school, in light of an increasingly useful way to deal with kid care. Their methodology was to focus on the fundamental needs of kids with physical exercise and natural air as the primary need. Rudolf Steiner The requirement for creative mind, a feeling of truth and a sentiment of obligation these are the three powers which are the very nerve of instruction. Rudolf Steiner was the originator of another instructive instructional method which is still being used today. His disputable reasoning can be chiefly credited to a portion of the realities about his life and the resultant way to deal with the issue of training. Conceived in Croatia in 1861, Steiner started completed advanced education and proceeded into further instruction with the aim of turning into a language structure teacher. He neglected to finish this course, however proceeded to examine theory under Johann van Goethe for quite a long while. He at that point moved to Berlin and was pulled in to the ground breaking abstract Bohemia, the laborers development and the transforming strict scholars. Here he became pioneer of an otherworldly recharging development and organizer of a philosophical network that was totally centered around his own character. In 1919, a vanquished Germany achieved creative reasoning and the open door for Steiner to evaluate his thoughts on instruction i n another school. On 7 September 1919, he ritualistically opened the principal Free Waldorf School as a joined co-instructive essential and optional school for 256 kids drawn chiefly from the groups of laborers at the Waldorf-Astoria cigarette industrial facility in Stuttgart (Germany). Steiners essential thoughts on training were imagined in the period somewhere in the range of 1906 and 1909 of every a way which in the first place had naturalistic hints: Out of the pith of the creating singular, thoughts on training will develop, in a manner of speaking, voluntarily. Be that as it may, rather than the way taken by Dewey and Montessori, who looked to build up their New Education on late thoughts of test youngster brain science, Steiner put together his instructive arrangement totally with respect to his infinite spiritualistic human studies as per NAME (yyyy), On the off chance that we wish to recognize the embodiment of the developing individual, we should set out from a thought of the shrouded idea of man all things considered. In Steiners instructive way of thinking the instructive development of the kid is seen as a procedure of resurrection. In a seven-year cycle from the head by means of the heart to the hands instruction appears as development and transformation. The instructor is viewed as the nursery worker of this development. From a faith in rebirth stems the picture of instruction as a guide to manifestation and profound arousing. For this situation the teacher turns into a minister and a healer. With these instructive powers, Steiner assembled the switches that are as yet being actualized by instructors and teachers in his schools and kindergartens today. These instructive ways of thinking can be separated into three principle thoughts. In the first place, the scholarly way of thinking spread by Froebel, later connected with Naturphilosophy, whereby the childs instructive and social advancement outweigh everything else. The second is the more down to earth approach made in Britains urban communities because of wellbeing worry for small kids living in these stuffed urban regions. This methodology depends on conditions in the past which are not as apparent in todays society, in particular constrained kid work and serious congestion in urban communities. The third is the Steiner instructional method. The act of this arrangement of instruction incorporates a wide range of masterful and handiwork learning possibilities, a mindful demeanor to youngsters and numerous open doors for cognizant interest in network errands. As I would like to think Fredrick Froebels approach is very critical to be left to the unquestioning adepts of Rudolf Steiner. Part (ii) While looking into the kindergarten as a structure type, obviously a large number of the structures don't satisfy the requirements of the youngsters, for example the learning condition. As indicated by KINDERGARTEN ARCHITECTURE (yyyy) kindergartens and nursery schools are regularly managed as extra classes to existing grade school instruction offices, especially in Britain, with no genuine worry for the necessities of the kid. The significance of the structure and thusly the development materials is crucial to making an environment that underpins the childrens exercises, and therefore improving the learning results. The structure typology should try to make a domain that supports the learning procedure by tending to issues of enthusiastic and physical prosperity among the kids. This idea infers that accomplishment in learning at an early age can be connected to nature made by the materials utilized and the compositional and auxiliary type of the structures for example an agreeable situation will encourage the learning procedure. The kindergarten is the primary spot where youngsters make associates with new individuals and new environmental factors, and where they become some portion of another network. In this way structuring a kindergarten includes making a defensive situation for youngsters, yet in addition acquainting them with another space where correspondence and articulation are sans given rule. In planning kindergartens, the structure and materials must endeavor geometry, hues and pictures proposed to inspire affiliated implications inside the childs mind. Extensively, in instructive offices in Britain, there are three development techniques utilized, with fluctuating materials, utilized either alone or in blend with each other. These are surrounded development, load-bearing divider development and pre-assembled development. Confined development use steel or solid sections and shafts to help dividers and floors. Auxiliary floors are commonly fortified solid pieces or steel floor boards with concrete laid between them. This sort of development can give greatest adaptability giving the dividing of the sections considers the space required for educating zones. Burden bearing divider development is the place dividers are intended to convey the heap of any extra ground surface and the rooftop. These dividers are for the most part built of block or solid square. All together for enormous open arrangement spaces to exist in these structures extra pillars or other burden bearing components must be utilized. Pre-assembled development doesn't isolate any material. Training spaces are completely or mostly developed off-site and welcomed nearby in a state practically prepared for use. Coming up next are a couple of instances of various kindergartens and there development procedures. There is substantially more space took into consideration in these cutting edge kindergartens than in any convention

Coping With the Fear of Water

Coping With the Fear of Water Phobias Types Print The Fear of Water or Aquaphobia Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 01, 2019 Yulia Reznikov/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Aquaphobia, or fear of water, is a fairly common phobia. Like all phobias, it may vary dramatically in severity from person to person. Some people are only afraid of deep water or strong waves, while others fear swimming pools and bathtubs. Some are afraid of entering the water, while others cannot bear to even look at a large body of water. Occasionally, aquaphobia is so pervasive that even being splashed or sprayed with water can cause a phobic reaction. Causes The most common cause of aquaphobia is a previous negative experience. If you have been through a near-drowning, shipwreck, or another scary occurrence in the water, you are more likely to develop a phobia of water. Learning to swim is a rite of passage for many children, and frightening experiences are common. The way that these situations are handled plays a major role in determining whether a phobia will occur. The negative experience need not have happened to you specifically. After the film Jaws was released in 1975, reports of water phobia, as well as shark phobia, increased dramatically. Research shows that if your parents are afraid of water, you are at a higher risk of sharing their fear. Symptoms Like all specific phobias, the symptoms of aquaphobia vary between sufferers. In general, the more severe the phobia, the more severe the symptoms will be. You might shake, freeze in place, or attempt to escape. You may develop anticipatory anxiety in the days or weeks preceding an upcoming encounter with water. You might refuse to enter the water  or begin panicking as soon as you step in. Complications Water is an innate part of human life. Swimming is a common activity at summer camps, on vacation and at parties or social events. Avoiding water altogether may be difficult or awkward. If your fear extends to water splashes and sprays, it can be even more life-limiting. Fountains are a decorating staple at theme parks, resorts, ?and even local malls. Some of these fountains perform elaborately choreographed water routines set to music and timed lighting, which may splash bystanders. Water splashes are also a common effect in haunted houses and carnival rides and games. In some cases, aquaphobia can lead to ablutophobia  or fear of bathing. This relatively rare phobia can have a devastating impact on self-esteem. Modern culture places a heavy emphasis on cleanliness and hygiene, and those who do not take a daily shower or bath may be scorned. There is also an elevated risk of both common and rare diseases in those who allow dirt and bacteria to linger on their skin and hair. Treatment Like most specific phobias, aquaphobia responds quite well to treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is especially popular. You will be taught to replace negative self-talk with more positive messages, and learn new behaviors for coping with your fear. You might be given homework assignments, such as filling the bathtub with a few inches of water and stepping in, or visiting the ocean while remaining safely on the shore. Over time, a series of small successes will increase your confidence, allowing you to gradually add new water-related activities. If your phobia is severe, medications, hypnosis, and other forms of therapy may be used to help you get your fear under control. The goal is for you to become comfortable around water, and there is no “one size fits all” treatment that works for everyone. Nonetheless, with the help of a skilled therapist, aquaphobia can be successfully managed and even overcome. Coping With the Fear of the Ocean How the Movie Jaws Fueled Shark Phobia Jaws  made shark phobia a household name and  preyed on our most primal fears. Animal phobias are one of the four main categories of  specific phobias  in the  DSM-IV  (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th Ed.), and sharks are among the most feared of all animals. The film used many of the techniques of suspense that were pioneered by Alfred Hitchcock to create an intense experience that was rated #1 on Bravos list of  100 Scariest Movie Moments  in 2004 and #2 on the American Film Institutes  100 Years…100 Thrills. Jaws  was an unexpected smash hit, breaking box office records to become the most successful film at the time. The films success was in large part due to  skillful  direction and the finely tuned performances of its cast. However, part of its success can be attributed to its subject matter. At the time, public opinion of sharks was  generally  that they were mindless killing machines. Sleek, powerful and easily large enough to see humans as food, the shark has been the subject of primal fear throughout recorded history. While today, advanced research has dispelled many misconceptions about sharks, in the 1970s, the average moviegoer had little reason to disbelieve the way that  ?Jaws  was portrayed. Nonetheless, the average moviegoer did not spend an inordinate amount of time thinking about shark attacks. The beach was a popular vacation destination and while shark attacks were occasionally recorded, they rarely led to widespread hysteria. The film brought the possibility of shark attack to the forefront of peoples minds, and the effect was noticeable. From coast to coast, beach towns reported a downturn in tourism following the release of Jaws. Even today, nervous references to the movie can be overheard at virtually any beach. It is unlikely that  Jaws  would create a new shark phobia in viewers today. The slasher films of the 1980s have largely desensitized us to onscreen violence. Nonetheless, fear of sharks is a deep and primal fear, and it is possible that in those who are sensitive, Jaws could aggravate the fear, potentially resulting in a full-blown phobia. If you are afraid of sharks, you may want to think twice before seeing  Jaws.

Academic Prose Vs. Writing - 873 Words

Over the past eight weeks, this course has required me to write more academic prose than I have at any time outside of high school. While my job has required writing long documents, they are almost always persuasive or technical documents. I now reflect on my daily reading and writing in a different way as a result of this class. I can see how I have grown even from the first week to today. In each of the assignments below I can see my own growth and learning. When I read my first essay again for this assignment, I found myself picking it apart in a way I do not think I was capable of when it was initially written. A few lines and paragraphs have been rewritten to remove poorly worded sentences and choppy thoughts, but the whole subject and the way it was presented seems poor in hindsight. If I were asked to write the same assignment today I would not rewrite what was there, but start over entirely. The edits I made in this revision were in an effort to make it the best version of w hat was originally written, but it is not representative of what I can produce. Luckily, I had the opportunity to learn more about research and writing while participating in IDS101. Prior to this class, my last formal training in writing and English language skills was in a UConn cooperative class I took in high school. It was equivalent to entry-level college English class and was very demanding, but still not the same as this class. In that class, I was often tasked with writing materialShow MoreRelatedEssay Educational Theory of Teaching Writing1834 Words   |  8 Pagesregards to the teaching of writing, and all that this endeavor entails. When I first started teaching eight years ago, I was fresh out of grad school and eager to have my own classroom of writers. At that point in time, I leaned more towards Peter Elbow’s theories of teaching writing. 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Civil Disobedience In Antigone By Sophocles - 1195 Words

Civil disobedience has been a controversial issue that possess a conflict between ethical and moral values among both scholars and students alike. Martin Luther King Jr. used the civil disobedience approach to air his grievances and made it known to the majority of the population that a particular aspect of the law was interfering with their moral and ethical values even if it was unwritten. On the other hand, Sophocles, in the play â€Å"Antigone† reveals the grief, struggle, inner strife and distress of a young woman. Through her speech, Antigone can persuade her audience by employing rhetoric, passion and subtle alteration, and therefore, able to fight against injustice she faced from Creon. Thus, both Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr.†¦show more content†¦This act led her to be declared a heroine by the people. While Creon is the idea that a person’s country interest should take preeminence, Antigone values and beliefs were that family comes first and tha t blood is always thicker than water. This belief persuaded her to bury her brother even if the king had outlawed it, and she states that â€Å"the king has no right to keep me from my own† (Sophocles). Even though, she understood the consequences of her disobedience, she didn’t try to hide her treason act. She admits publicly before Creon that she would choose death but bury her brother than live knowing that her brother is rotting on the battlefield. In her disobedience speech, she eloquently tries to make her king understand how unjust the laws are rather than pleaded her case. There evident force and confidence in her words, which she punctuates well and offers examples together with accusations. Furthermore, her lines are emotional and full of sarcasm and contempt towards the king and his unjust laws, which gives her speech a bitter edge. In burying her brother, Antigone shows obedience to the gods rather than the king even if it was illegal to do so. To prove her allegiance, she states that, â€Å"Look at me, you noble sons of Thebes, -the last great line kings, I alone, see what I suffer now at the hands of breed of men- all reverence, my reverence for the gods (Sophocles). Through this quote, Antigone shows that she feared theShow MoreRelated Exploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito580 Words   |  3 PagesExploration of Civil Disobedience in Sophocles Antigone, Kings Letter from Birmingham Jail, and Platos From Crito Civil disobedience spawns a major and widely debated issue by many who established by well-known intelligent scholars and many examples of civil disobedience become displayed. The acts of civil disobedience can be noted in major works such as Sophocles?s Antigone, King?s ?Letter from Birmingham Jail?, or even from Plato?s ?from Crito?. A specific claim exemplified throughout theseRead MoreAntigone Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesCivil disobedience is an act Antigone and multiple modern-day women commit to raise awareness of a lack of justice in their societies. Civil disobedience is the refusal to comply with certain laws as a peaceful form of political protest. This form of protest is shown throughout Sophocles’ tragedy Antigone. Antigone, the protagonist, exhibits civil disobedience when she gives her brother, Polyneices, a proper burial. Antigone is very much like Rosa Parks as described in the article â€Å"Rosa Parks leavesRead MoreAntigone By Sophocles : A Moral And Lega l Battle951 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Antigone by Sophocles, the title character is engaged in a moral and legal battle with King Creon. The king has issued a legal verdict against the brother of Antigone. He is to be left to rot in the battlefield, rather than be buried. As such, his body will be eaten by vultures and not be given the honor of burial. This was considered the worst punishment that could be given at the time. Antigone believes that this is wrong. She decides to go against the legal orders of the kingRead MoreCivil Disobedience And Martin Luther King s Letter From Birmingham Jail1236 Words   |  5 Pagesupon lightly such as committing civil disobedience. In Sophocles s â€Å"Antigone† and Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, both, King and Antigone, were supporters and activist of civil disobedience. However, both, Antigone and Martin Luther King had different methods of conducting civil disobedience and viewed civil disobedience differently. Furthermore, Antigone and Martin Luther King were both steadfast in what they believed in and used civil disobedience to fight for their cause. DespiteRead MoreCivil Disobedience In Antigone By David Thoreau958 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one thinks of civil disobedience, they think of a person that neither follows nor respects the law. However, one does not take into consideration why a certain person is not abiding by the law, and what is influencing their decisions. In the case of Antigone, in Antigone by Sophocles, the reason she does not follow the law is that not only does she view the law as unfair and not just, but the law hurts her more than anyone else. Antigone feels she has a burden to bury her brother Polynices,Read MoreCivil Disobedience in Antigone and Trifles Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesCivil Disobedience of Antigone and Mrs. Hale Civil disobedience is the purposeful violation of a law to show that it is unconstitutional or morally defective. In the plays, Antigone and Trifles, the female main characters commit an act of civil disobedience. The plays are respectively written by Sophocles and Susan Glaspell. Antigone, the main character of Antigone, protects her dead brothers honor as she disobeys the laws of King Creon. Mrs. Hale, the main character of Trifles preventsRead MoreTheme Of Antigone 964 Words   |  4 PagesAmer Debis Professor: Kennedy ENC 1102 April 12, 2016 Theme In Antigone Sweeping dramas of rival families and of rival family members seeking control of a kingdom are very popular now. One obvious example is Game of Thrones, which continues to break viewership records and also engender controversy. Such sagas, however, are nothing new. Antigone, a play by Sophocles and the sequel to Aeschylus’ Seven Against Thebes, provides an ancient Greek perspective on the themes of power, duty, and lawRead MoreAnalysis Of Civil Disobedience In Antigone1078 Words   |  5 PagesMany people around the world and in books are getting in trouble for their acts of civil disobedience. Civil disobedience is refusing to follow certain laws as a form of political protest. In Antigone, written by Sophocles, Antigone rebels against the laws of Creon and buries her brother, Polynieces, when everyone was ordered not to. Modern day people around the world like Antigone are also defying laws. Women in Saudi Arabia who went driving when laws forbid them to and they got in to a lot of troubleRead MoreCivil Disobedience, And Martin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1018 Words   |  5 PagesToday, the word disobedience carries a negative connotation that acts as a deterrent for necessary disobedience. The common way in which people view disobedience is as a rejection of a rule, law, or a simple standard. Historically, rules were implemented in ways that were deemed immoral by society. Therefore, civil disobedience is justified to combat immoral standards implemented in society. However, civil disobedience is only justified under these circumstances, mainly for the betterment of societyRead MoreThe Truth Behind Political Thought944 Words   |  4 Pagesinconsistency ,that civil disobedience is not justified because of society s accentuation on law and order. The understanding of law and civil disobedience illustrates itself in both readings of Sophocles Antigone and Plato s Apology which suggests that they give both similar views with th e existing idea of different higher authority in mind. Because of the unresolved feud between the law and civil disobedience it is prevailed effectively in Sophocles tragic drama Antigone and Plato s Apology

William James Free Essays

William James, an American psychologist and philosopher was born on January 11, 1842 at the Astor House in New York City. His father James Sr. is described as an independently wealthy and notoriously eccentric Swedenborgian theologian well acquainted with the literary and intellectual elites of his day. We will write a custom essay sample on William James or any similar topic only for you Order Now (wikipedia, 2011, p. 1) The James family were remarkable epistolary of talents. His brother became a prominent novelist and his sister publicly published a diary. James was a very ill child, who had various amounts of sickness both physical and psychological all growing up and eventually until his death. He attended Harvard Medical School in 1864 and the following year, went on a scientific expedition on the Amazon River. Soon after he fell sick and traveled to Germany in search of a cure and stayed until November 1868. His self diagnosed â€Å"soul-sickness† was cured in 1872. James went on to earn his M. D. in June 1872, although he would never practice medicine. In the same year James began to teach at Harvard University. In his spare time James read philosophy and began to see a link between it and physiology. To James the two seemed to converge in psychology. Morris, Maisto, 2010, p. 6) He published his first textbook, The Principles of Psychology in 1890. He married Alice Gibbons in 1878. William James studied and taught biology, medicine, and psychology but was more interested in the scientific study of the human mind. James’ acquaintances Herman Helmoholtz of Germany Pierre Janet of France implemented courses of scientific psychology at Harvard in the 1875-76 sc hool year. (Shultz, 2004, p. 179). James and associates created the lively group known as The Metaphysical Club in 1872. Some of James’ students included Boris Sidis, Theodore Roosevelt, W. E. B. Dubois, Walter Lipmann, Mary Culkins, Ralph Barton Perry, G. Stanley Hall, Horace Kallen, and George Santayana. William James retried from Harvard University in 1907. James published Pragmatism, Pluralistic Universe and The Meaning Of The Truth. During his last years he became ill again but this time with cardiac pain. James worked on a philosophy text (unfinished but posthumously published as Some Problems In Philosophy. The following year James sailed to Europe to partake in experimental treatments that proved to be unsuccessful. He returned home and finally succumbed to his illness on August 26, 1910 t his home in Chocorua, NH. He was buried at Cambridge Cemetery in Cambridge, MA, in the family plot. (wikipedia, 2011, p. 3) James despite his constant illnesses lived a very prestigious life, he lived out his passions and researched his curiosities. He was one of the strongest proponents of Pragmatism in philosophy and functionalism in psychology. James founded the American Society for Psychical Research. He always challenged his colleagues and students not to let a narrow mindset prevent and honest appraisal of those. (wikipedia, 2001, p. 3) James was found to be the 14th most eminent psychologist of the 20th Century. (Haggbloom, 2002, vol. , 6, No. 2, 139-45) Pragmatism is defined by James as â€Å"truths emerge from facts, but they dip forward into fact again and add to them; which facts again create or reveal new truth (the word is indifferent) and so on indefinitely. The ‘facts’ themselves meanwhile are not true. They simply are. Truth is the function of the beliefs that start and terminate among them. † (Mounce, 1997). â€Å"The Will To Believe† a philosophy of pragmatism and a famous lecture of 1897 by James defended the right to violate the principle of evidentialism to justify hypothesis’ venturing. This theory justifies religious beliefs by using results of his hypothetical venturing to prove support the hypothesis’ truth. â€Å"My first act of free will shall be to believe in free will. † (XXX, 1909, p. 177) James simply asserted that his will was a free two-stage decision process that separates chance, from choice. The Philosophy of Religion was taken very seriously by James he interpreted religious experiences according to his pragmatic conclusions. He claimed that when studying Religion the main topic should be just that, Religion because everything else is just a descendent of Religion. James also said that only a Psychologist can accurately interpret Religious experiences because have the best insight of the human mind. in 1884 William James published an article â€Å"What Is An Emotion? † (psychclassics, 1884, p. 188-205) he conceived of an emotion in terms according to a sequence of events. This article was very important not only because of his remarkable response to the question but also because there were no psychology journals, yet. James felt that emotions were often accompanied by bodily responses. For example If you were to run from a vicious dog, your body will respond to your emotion of fear by heart rate increase, because you ran your body will sweat and/or ache you may also be out of breathe. Basically your body goes through physiological upheaval. Now love has a totally different physiological signature, the parasympathetic nervous system. How to cite William James, Papers

Transformational Leadership

Introduction In any organization, the focus is based on yielding high profits. The key to this lies in the leader who in turn inspires the staff. Leadership in an organization is usually classified in different categories based on the style the leader uses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different leadership styles are used to attain desired goals, but Bass (2006) pointed out in his work that the secret to an organization that is effective in achieving its goals lies in the use of transformational leadership. A leader usually uses power and influence to exercise authority. In transformational leadership however, the idea is to emphasize on influence to manage the teams and bring them aboard in understanding the vision the leader has. Transformational leadership therefore can be defined as implementing new ideas by way of adopting a more flexible and un iversal method of influencing and continually ameliorating those around them. This type of leadership calls for the leader and the staff to work on improving one another’s motivation levels. Motivational leaders bravely work towards making the staff realize the need for higher ideas and the vision they have for the future of the organization. Transformational leaders naturally role model the followers and pass their enthusiasm by clearly letting them visualize what his ideas are, what he is doing and by outlining his genuine personal beliefs he shows the followers that he has these values. Transformational leaders are able to achieve these results by possessing certain qualities and characteristics. Transformational leaders understand their abilities and confidently stand firm on their beliefs. The confidence in their abilities keeps them motivated and helps them to emotionally connect to the organization. They have high levels of self-determination which helps them attain a sense of direction for the organization and in turn influence the followers and together they propel the organization in the right course. They possess self drive which helps them to visualize themselves as achievers who do not have to rely on luck to achieve good results. It is this understanding of self that help them to transform those around them (Chammas, 2010). Another characteristic of effective transformational leaders is seen in their ability to understand those around them and particularly those under them. Transformational leaders carefully understand and purposefully influence and motivate the staff to understand the goals and together they working the direction of attaining that goal since he assists them to realize its intended worth.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This requires the transformational leader to have the right communication skills to be able to r elay the vision they have to a point of winning the willingness of the followers such that they too are excited and have the drive to achieve the desired change. A transformational leader fully understands what they hope to achieve and the process carefully relaying the intent to the followers requires idealized influence which ensures the followers are not resistance to the idea. To do so the leader must also be willing to actively involve them in chatting the way forward towards attaining the goal. After they are all in agreement of the right course of action to take, the transformational leader again provides inspirational motivation to keep them going and excite their minds to have the urge to achieve the task. After the transformational leader purposefully develops the ideas and effectively influences the staff to yearn to do attain the goal, it only marks the beginning of the process. The work of the transformational leader now is to keep the staff focused on the vision contin ually, help them stick to the agreed on course of action to attain the vision and continually be actively involved in influencing more and more colleagues to support the vision. The importance here is to make sure that the staff clearly understood the vision the leader has for the organization’s future and make sure that they will support the course and keep abreast with the importance of the task even in years to come. The staff should not just be involve din doing their assigned job but engage in the job because they realize the importance of the outcome of the job. The last characteristic of transformation leadership is a combination of three qualities which require that the transformational leader think outside the box. According to Chammas (2010), a transformational leader is not afraid to evaluate the organizations tradition and make changes to them without interfering with the organizations core business. This requires that they come up with innovative and creative way s that work inline with the vision they have for the organization. In their pursuit for change they are seen as ignoring the present and yearning for a better future. A factor that works with this is their willingness to embrace innovations and ideas. The transformational leader encourages the others to come up with new methodologies and innovations that are in line with attaining the vision. This they do so as to keep abreast with the changing times and to demonstrate that they understand that new challenges in the future need new solutions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They therefore encourage suggestions and accordingly offer appraisals for the best ideas. The third point on the same is that the transformational leader takes up their role as the advisor and the guide of the team. Their role here is to assist the whole team through the operations. This requires that they understand that each individual have their own personal strengths and weaknesses in given areas. The leader also takes into consideration the individual’s level and will to adjust to the new ideas. By understanding the readiness levels the leader is able to establish the right timing for implementing the new ideas so that the resistance is kept at minimal. The ability to forge ahead and achieve anew transformed organization depends on the transformational leader’s influential levels on the staff and to develop them in the areas needed to achieve a new organization. Transformational leadership has proven effective by far compared to other leadership styles. This is due to its influential nature that seeks to have both the leader and the follower develop each other and together they work towards attaining a vision and in turn a new organization. The benefits of adopting transformation leadership are clearly felt in the outcomes. Transformation le adership increases the influence at the topmost leadership level. This according to Cox (2010) is because transformational leaders act as role models to other employees in the organization hence are obeyed and their method of dealing with people is respected. The result is an organization where there is solid unity between the leader and the employees which give rise to an atmosphere of mutual trust and communication is effective. This means that the executive is given a hearing by other staff and therefore implementation of ideas is fast and the environment at the work place is not tense or hierarchical. This is because more emphasis is laid on developing each other as opposed to arguing on bureaucracy. The leader concentrates on guiding the staff through the vision as opposed to spending most of the time trying to unite opposing groups in an organization. Results are achieved very fast once all the staff are on board and are working passionately. Another benefit of transformationa l leadership is seen in the way the leader oozes with charisma and the excitement they have performing their duty. The rest of the staff is able to read clearly what the leader’s aspirations are and consequently they follow in trying to achieve the vision too. The energy possessed by transformational leaders is said to be a major contributor of the other staffs willingness to join in because they are inspired by their leader’s genuine vision of taking the organization to a whole new level. A successful and effective organization is able to be realized through two important aspects; a leader who has a clearly defined vision for the organization, and staff who have the will to assist and work together towards realization of that goal. Transformational leaders are enthusiastic about the vision they have and through their ability to bring other staff on board, realizing the vision becomes very easy and hence a successful and effective organization (Cox, 2010).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A major benefit of transformational leadership is the way they are able to guide the employees bit by bit in achieving a change in the organization. This they do by gradually explaining and influencing the employees and therefore take them through the step-by-step process of attaining the desired change. They are able to visualize the changes the organization should hope to achieve e.g. introduction of a new product, new methods of operating, new technology adjustments etc. they then embark on a mission to carefully engage the employees in trying to understand their feeling toward the desired change. According to Xenitelis (2010) this they do through employing tactical approaches in trying to reveal their thoughts on the same and to involve them directly in the process of defining the desired change. They then attempt to make that necessary adjustment so as to make the employees clearly get the picture as to why the change is important, and what it hopes to achieve. After the necess ary change is made to propel the vision, the transformational leader then guides the process and ensures that every one is on board. The leader keeps a constant check by evaluating the process as it continues and hence makes the necessary changes. This step-by-step engaging of the process proves very successful and is the most effective way of the organization realizing changes. It is also an effective way of avoiding resistance to change which is usually a major hindrance to progress in an organization. Its effectiveness is seen especially where the organization wishes to launch a new product or they desire to make complete change in their operating processes (Xenitelis, 2010). Employees in an organization led by a transformational leader always feel the challenge to keep their energies going because they are inspired by the leader. This fosters a feeling of taking ones duties and responsibilities personal and yearning to perform ones tasks to the best of their abilities. This sort of inspiration by the transformational leader encourages the employees to come up with new ways of doing things. Creativity and innovativeness amongst the employees is encouraged and this in turn brings out the full potential the individual has while still addressing the issue of self development. The benefits of such a working environment trickle down to the organization which has employees with self fulfillment and are giving their best and their creative input is enjoyed hence the organization’s effectiveness is realized (Stewart, 2006). Bass, one of the pioneers of transformational leadership pointed out that application of this style of leadership helps the employees push their abilities to levels they never thought they could reach. In addition to transformational leadership uniting and ensuring people are in agreement, Bass pointed out that it fosters a working culture where moral force flourishes and therefore the level of employee turnover is kept at minimum. Employ ees who understand that the organization they are working for encourages them to give their creativity and allows them to develop to levels they never thought they could achieve are likely to stick with the organization for long. The benefits of such a working culture are realized in the organizations success towards achieving its vision since the costs associated with employee turn over and employee retention are cut as well as the benefits of developed and satisfied employees (Bass, 2006). Transformational leadership brings forth a culture and climate in an organization whereby, success is bound to prosper. When a transformational leader takes into consideration the abilities and needs of each employee individually and shares their genuine vision in a clear and elaborate manner, it brings forth a culture of honesty and receptiveness. The employees feel that their input is respected and credit awarded for their ideas. This in turn gives rise to a working environment where there is job satisfaction and consequently due to absence of commotions the environment is stress free. The employees are always in high spirits and their motivation to work hard is on top hence they express freely their abilities to improve on certain areas and the areas where they are strong in is emphasized on. Organization’s success is bound to be realized in such a working culture which is stress-free, high motivation levels, job satisfaction is high and personal abilities are given a consideration. Transformational leadership is beneficial in that it can help an organization cut on the costs. Through the transformational leader’s ability to connect with the employees and giving them a chance to understand the task at hand including allowing their ideas and creativity, job satisfaction is achieved which means employees do not feel the need to leave the organization hence the reduced employee turn over. This in a major way saves the organization high costs that are associat ed with loosing employees and having to employ new ones. In a transformational leadership organization, the employees are given a chance to concentrate on areas they are strong hence the unnecessary costs of having to train the employees on areas they are unfamiliar with are reduced. This also goes for the fact that the employees are given a chance to develop and as they work harmoniously they teach each other through sharing of ideas and hence in-training of employees is unnecessary in most cases (Stewart, 2006). In conclusion, effectiveness in an organization highly depends on the leader’s ability to have a vision, ability to build consensus with the employees and adjusting his leadership style such that it fits the vision and is able to guide the whole team towards the desired direction. Transformational leadership takes all this into consideration by having the leader clearly understand the direction he wants to propel the organization, influencing the employees and makin g them understand how important the change is then together they engage in the process. Transformational leadership combines the right employees and the right motives and inspires creativity and motivation in achieving a smooth flow of processes which in the long run ensure an effective organization which delivers in its results and is consistent in achieving the desired changes. Reference List Bass, M. and Riggio, E. (2006) Transformational Leadership. New York, Routledge. Chammas, A. (2010) Leadership Characteristics for Organizational Transformation Success, Transformational Leadership, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 16-27. Cox, R. (2010) The Benefits of Transformational Leadership. 2010. Web. Stewart, J. (2006) Transformational Leadership: An Evolving Concept Examined through the Works of Burns, Bass, Avolio, and Leithwood, Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy. vol. 27, no. 56, pp. 1-19. Xenitelis, M. (2010) Transformational Leadership, Management. vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 11 17. This essay on Transformational Leadership was written and submitted by user Kolten Hammond to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.